Category Archives: Noach

Noach – Learning our Lesson

Haftorah of Noach – Learning our Lesson

Last week’s Haftorah had some beautiful words of comfort and encouragement. The Haftorah of Noach also comes from Yeshayahu’s Pirkei Nechama, chapters of hope and comfort, offering very specific comfort for very specific fears, fears that we identify with all too well.

The comfort that Yeshayahu offers refers to Noach:

“For it is like the Waters of Noach to Me, as I swore not to let the Waters of Noach pass over the land, so too I have sworn not to be angry at you, nor to chastise you.” (Yeshayahu 54:9 )

What kind of comfort is this? It appears to be giving an answer without stating the question, so the Midrash fills it in, Jeopardy-like:

Israel said to G-d, “Master of the Universe! Hasn’t Jerusalem been rebuilt and destroyed again?” G-d said, “Because of your sins it was destroyed and you were exiled, but in the future, I will build her and I will not destroy her, ever!” (Midrash Tanchuma Noach 11)

The Midrash describes the Jewish People worrying that history will repeat itself, perhaps like this:

“How do we know that it won’t happen again? We’ve never lasted more than 75 years without some terrible conflict that led to our destruction, maybe we can’t help ourselves, maybe there is no hope for us, and we’re not meant to live together…”

G-d answers by referring to the promise He made to Noach. Just as G-d swore to Noach that no matter how badly humankind disappoints Him, He will not destroy the entire world, but will rather find other ways to deal with them, so too, He swears to the Jewish People not to destroy us, no matter how badly we disappoint Him.

I am not a prophet, but I teach what our prophets have said. Earlier this year, I taught a different Haftorah, the Haftorah of Shabbat Parah, which says, “I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh, and I will give you a heart of flesh.” (Yechezkel 36:26).  I taught this class after I came back from the funeral of Ilan Ganeles, hy”d, the nephew of our good friends, who was shot in cold blood by terrorists. Wiping away tears, I told those who had joined from halfway across the world, that this is what it feels like for G-d to teach us not to harden our hearts towards each other. If He wants us to have a “heart of flesh”, then we will indeed have a heart of flesh, whatever it takes.

I am not a prophet. But I learned that a prophet’s job is to defend the Jewish People before G-d. I am not a prophet, but this Rosh Hashana, when I knelt before G-d, I asked that the cost of “whatever it takes” not be too high. I am not a prophet, so I was not answered.

But now a month has passed, and the Haftorah has more to tell us, so I will try again.

In a foam of fury, I hid My face but for a moment from you,

but with eternal commitment I will show mercy to you”  (Yeshayahu 54: 8 )

Living here in Israel for the past 26 years, I have gotten used to miracles. (My children serve in the army, I saw how the sausage is made: outright miracles, no question.) For one day, for just a moment, the miracles were taken away, and the monsters came through our gates. Just one day.

But with eternal commitment I will show mercy to you –

Is it time for mercy now?

We said on Rosh Hashana, and on Yom Kippur, “Teshuva, Tefilla, and Tzedaka avert an evil decree.” The decree of that one day was not averted, but what about what happens next? We’ve already imagined the kind of holiday we will make out of this one (will we all make Rachel’s cookies?) when it is over. But it is not yet over.

One doesn’t have to be a prophet to defend the Jewish People. So let’s see how we are doing:

Teshuva: a meme went around saying, “To our enemies, I just want you to know, whatever you thought you were trying to accomplish, all you’ve done is make the Jewish people love each other more than they ever have in their entire lives” @HeimishHumor

All the horrible things we said about each other have proven wrong, are gone, meaningless, never happened, how could we even have thought them. The same groups of people who made each other feel that they have no share in this land, no share in its flag, no share in its future, the very same ones shared everything, their very lives, for each other, for all of us. We said those things? No, that couldn’t have been us, we would never make our brothers feel like that – we feed them and clothe them and play with their children, we cry at their funerals and dance at their weddings.

Tefilla: people reaching out from abroad, singing Acheinu Kol Beit Yisrael all over the world, people who dust off their Tefillin to bind themselves to us…  Chanan ben Ari and Yishai Ribo and Idan Reichels, in hospitals and weddings and among the survivors, singing their songs which become our prayers.

Tzedaka: a million shekels raised in one day to rebuild Kibbutz Nir Oz, 2 million dollars raised in one day for supplies, sponsorships of hundreds of flights for reservists to get back home to serve. That’s just a sample, things I happened to have seen with my own eyes. A drop of what is being done, by the entire Jewish People, all over the world, all at once.

Perhaps we’re not such a disappointment after all.

And here is the part that I didn’t expect. Many people have been telling these stories, of courage and sacrifice, of unbounded giving, of creativity and laughter harnessed with love, and they point out that there is no leadership. Not from the right, not from the left, not from religious leaders, not from political leaders. We are doing this ourselves, and please, they say, just stay out of our way!

I ask myself, has that ever happened before? Have we ever bypassed our leaders and made them follow us, sheepishly, serving us knowing that they do not deserve us? Nothing in our history – ancient, medieval, or modern  – has quite the same tone.

It is as if we have a direct line to what He wants us to do, that our hearts of flesh hear His voice and we do it because it is crystal clear.

The Haftorah hints at that, too:

“All your children will be taught by Hashem;

great will be the peace of your children” (Yeshayahu 54: 13)

All of us, every one, are being taught by Hashem Himself, so that we can bring ultimate peace – peace from our enemies, peace within ourselves, as we see in each other the values that we need to build this beautiful nation. And our hopes and dreams for ourselves are there, too, in the Haftorah:

“You will be established in righteousness,

you will be distanced from oppression,

as you will have no reason to fear;

and from terror,

as it will not come near you.       “ (Yeshayahu 54: 14)

I am not a prophet, but Yeshayahu is.

Amen, ken yehi ratzon….

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Noach – Leaving the Ark

The Haftarah contains one of the more literal connections to the Parsha. When G-d assures the Jewish People that once Redemption begins, He will not let Jerusalem be destroyed again, He brings Noach as proof:

מֵי נֹחַ זֹאת לִי
אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי מֵעֲבֹר מֵי נֹחַ עוֹד עַל הָאָרֶץ
כֵּן נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי מִקְּצֹף עָלַיִךְ וּמִגְּעָר בָּךְ:
For it is like the Waters of Noach to Me,
as I swore not to let the Waters of Noach pass over the land,
so too I have sworn not to be angry at you, nor to chastise you. (Yeshayahu 54:9)

Just as G-d promised Noach not to bring another flood and kept that promise, so now He promises that Jerusalem will not make Him angry again, and He will keep this promise, too. However, G-d had made many promises, several of them about Jerusalem directly; for instance, the promise to Avraham to give the land to his descendents, and He kept those promises, too. Why does the Haftarah go all the way back to Noach? What aspect of Noach’s experience is relevant to rebuilding Jerusalem?

The Midrash explains why G-d found it necessary to make this promise to Noach in the first place:

כי מי נח זאת לי אשר נשבעתי: זה שאמר הכתוב לכל זמן ועת לכל חפץ זמן היה לנח ליכנס לתבה שנאמר בא אתה וכל ביתך אל התבה וזמן היה לו שיצא הימנה שנאמר צא מן התבה משל לפרנס שיצא מן המקום והושיב אחר במקומו כיון שבא אמר צא ממקומך כך נח צא מן התבה] ולא קבל לצאת אמר אצא ואהיה פרה ורבה למארה עד שנשבע לו שאינו מביא מבול לעולם שנאמר כי מי נח זאת לי

“For it is like the Waters of Noach to Me that I swore”: as it says, “For everything there is a time..” (Kohelet 3) There was a time to go into the Ark, as it says, “Come, you and your entire family, into the Ark,” (Breishit 7:1) and there was a time to leave it, as it says, “Leave the Ark.” (Breishit 8:16)

The allegory is of an executive who took leave of his position, and appointed another in his stead. When he came back, he said, “Get out of your place”. So too, Noach did not wish to leave.

He said, “I will go out and procreate to be cursed?” Finally, G-d swore to him that He will never bring another Flood, as it says, “It is like the Waters of Noach to Me that I swore”. (Yalkut Shimoni Yeshayahu 477)

The Midrash explains why Noach had to be commanded to leave the Ark. One would think that the moment he could get out of that filthy box, he would put on his boots and run. Yet if G-d had to command him to leave the Ark, that means that by default, he would have preferred to stay.

The Midrash offers two possible mind-sets that would cause a person to stay when it is time to go, each of which is relevant to the rebuilding of Jerusalem in the Haftarah.
The first is that of a person who is appointed to a position of responsibility that he knows is temporary. Even though he is aware that his appointment is limited, when the time comes to move on, he will not be eager to do so. Noach was responsible for the well-being of everyone in the Ark, of every being left alive in his world. It might have been a very difficult position, physically challenging and emotionally demanding, but it was also very rewarding and meaningful. Now that he has to leave – who knows what will be his role in the new world? He had grown comfortable in his position, and found reasons to stay.

The Jewish People have also grown comfortable in the Ark of their exile, no matter how tight and stifling it might be. Sometimes they even point to the rewarding and meaningful tasks that must be performed there. Even though they know that their position is temporary, and the time will come to move on, leaving is hard. They might need G-d to say, as He does in the Haftarah, “It is like the Waters of Noach to Me; I had to tell Noach that it is time to go, and now I’m telling you: it is time to go.”

The second reason that Noach refused to go can be inferred from the words that the Midrash puts into his mouth: “I will go out, and I will have more children, and rebuild civilization, but what would be the point? There is no guarantee that they will do any better than their ancestors. Their world will be destroyed as well, and my efforts will be for nought!”

G-d did not dismiss these fears; instead, He addressed them directly by swearing to Noach that there will never again be a Flood of this magnitude. G-d will find other ways to handle the failure of human beings to maintain an upright and decent society, without destroying the entire world. This reassurance allows Noach to move on with rebuilding the world.

The Jewish People have seen what they had built destroyed, many, many times over the centuries. It is frightening to build again, especially on the shifting sands of the Land of Israel. Therefore, in the Haftarah of Noach, G-d says to Jerusalem:

“Do not be afraid of rebuilding for fear that it will be destroyed again. Even the generation of Noach, who were so much more evil than you ever were, were able to rebuild when made My promise to them not to destroy them again. My anger at you has been less than my anger at them, but My promise is just as lasting. I swear to you as I swore to them: this time, when you build, it will last forever.

Now come on out.”


PDF for printing, 2 pages A4

Copyright © Kira Sirote
In memory of my parents, Peter & Nella Rozenberg, z”l
לעילוי נשמת אבי מורי פנחס בן נתן נטע ואמי מורתי חנה בת זעליג ז”ל

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Waters of Noach

The Haftarah of Noach says:

מֵי נֹחַ זֹאת לִי
אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי מֵעֲבֹר מֵי נֹחַ עוֹד עַל הָאָרֶץ
כֵּן נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי מִקְּצֹף עָלַיִךְ וּמִגְּעָר בָּךְ:
For it is like the Waters of Noach to Me,
as I swore not to let the Waters of Noach pass over the land,
so too I have sworn not to be angry at you, nor to chastise you. (Yeshayahu 54:9)

When it comes to finding the connection between the Parsha and the Haftarah, it doesn’t get clearer than this. Noach is mentioned explicitly. By what is his relevance here?

Of all the promises G-d ever made, why was the promise to Noach chosen for this prophecy of comfort to Jerusalem? Why not the promise to Avraham, “I will give this land to your descendents” (Br’ 16:18)? Why not the promise to Moshe, “Hashem will bring you to the land of your ancestors, and give you more goodness even than your ancestors” (Dev 30:5)?

The Haftarah is meant to reassure and comfort the Jewish People. In order to be truly healing, words of comfort must address specific problems, must allay specific fears and anxieties. It is not enough to hear that “soon Moshiach will come”, or “everything that G-d does is for the good”. Yeshayahu, whose book the Talmud calls “purely comfort” , does not attempt to soothe us with platitudes and generalities. Part of our task in understanding Yeshayahu is figuring out which wounds, which traumas of Jewish History, his words of comfort are meant to heal.

If G-d’s words of comfort, the answer to an aching question is, “Don’t worry, it won’t happen again”, then the question must have been: “How do we know that there won’t be another rejection, another exile?”

How do we know that when G-d looks at the society that we have built in Jerusalem, at the problems that we have not solved and the new ones that we have created, what reason do we have to believe that He will not destroy it all again?

In that case, G-d’s promise to Noach is very relevant indeed:

(יד) וְהָיָה בְּעַנְנִי עָנָן עַל הָאָרֶץ
וְנִרְאֲתָה הַקֶּשֶׁת בֶּעָנָן:
(טו) וְזָכַרְתִּי אֶת בְּרִיתִי אֲשֶׁר בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיכֶם וּבֵין כָּל נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה בְּכָל בָּשָׂר
וְלֹא יִהְיֶה עוֹד הַמַּיִם לְמַבּוּל לְשַׁחֵת כָּל בָּשָׂר:

14) In My cloud, there will be a cloud upon the earth,
and the rainbow will be visible in the cloud.
15) And I will remember My covenant that is between Me and you,
and all living beings of flesh,
and there no longer be water in a flood to destroy all flesh. (Breishit 9)

G-d swore not to let a flood destroy the Earth ever again. Unlike the other covenants mentioned above, this covenant is not about what G-d would do, it’s about what G-d would not do: He would not destroy the world by flood, even if the world deserves it.

In the Haftarah of Noach, G-d refers to the promise that He made to Noach. He reassures us that just as He has kept that promise, and has not destroyed the world again by flood, He will keep this new promise to Jerusalem, and will not reject us again. Not even if we deserve it.


Copyright © Kira Sirote
In memory of my father, Peter Rozenberg, z”l
לעילוי נשמת אבי מורי פנחס בן נתן נטע ז”ל

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Noach

The Haftarah of Noach is taken from Yeshayahu . This chapter makes up the Haftarot for two of the Sheva d’Nechemta, the Haftarot of Comfort read after Tisha B’Av: #3, Re’eh and #5, Ki Teitzei.

Linear annotated translation of the Haftarah of Noach

Noach is explicitly mentioned in the Haftarah, making it a natural choice. But what is his relevance to comforting Jerusalem?

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